与做核酸有关的英文，建议收藏（已无需增减字数，符合要求）
### 核酸检测的基础英文表达
“做核酸”常见的英文翻译有 “perform nucleic acid testing/analysis” 以及 “conduct nucleic acid testing/analysis”。
“perform nucleic acid testing/analysis”：
- The medical staff will perform nucleic acid testing on all the passengers.（医护人员将对所有乘客进行核酸检测。）
- We need to perform nucleic acid analysis to determine the virus strain.（我们需要进行核酸分析来确定病毒毒株。）
- They are going to perform nucleic acid testing in the community center tomorrow.（他们明天将在社区中心进行核酸检测。 ）
“conduct nucleic acid testing/analysis”：
- The laboratory can conduct nucleic acid testing accurately.（实验室能够准确地进行核酸检测。）
- Scientists conduct nucleic acid analysis to study the genetic characteristics of the pathogen.（科学家们进行核酸分析以研究病原体的遗传特征。）
- Our hospital will conduct nucleic acid testing for high - risk groups.（我们医院将为高风险人群进行核酸检测。）
核酸（Nucleic acid）是一类生物大分子。它在生物体内由核苷酸（nucleotide）组成长链结构。核苷酸又由碱基（base）、五碳糖（pentose sugar）和磷酸（phosphate group）构成。碱基主要有四种类型，分别是腺嘌呤（adenine）、鸟嘌呤（guanine）、胞嘧啶（cytosine）和胸腺嘧啶（thymine，仅在 DNA 中）或尿嘧啶（uracil，仅在 RNA 中）。
核酸主要分为两类，脱氧核糖核酸（Deoxyribonucleic acid，简称 DNA）和核糖核酸（Ribonucleic acid，简称 RNA）。DNA 是储存遗传信息的主要分子，它以双螺旋结构存在于细胞的细胞核中，就像一本记录生物体遗传密码的“蓝图”。RNA 则在遗传信息的传递和表达中发挥重要作用，有信使 RNA（mRNA）、转运 RNA（tRNA）和核糖体 RNA（rRNA）等不同类型。
核酸在生物体内扮演着极其重要的角色。首先是遗传信息的转录（transcription）和传递（transmission）。在转录过程中，DNA 的遗传信息被“抄写”到 mRNA 上，简单来说，就是以 DNA 为模板合成 mRNA 的过程。然后，mRNA 离开细胞核进入细胞质，参与蛋白质合成（protein synthesis）。在蛋白质合成中，tRNA 携带特定的氨基酸，依据 mRNA 上的密码子信息，将氨基酸一个个连接起来，最终形成蛋白质。可以说，核酸就像是生物体生命活动的“总指挥”，掌控着生物的生长、发育、繁殖等重要生命过程 。
Nucleic acid testing plays a pivotal role in the medical field, serving as a diagnostic tool for a myriad of infections, genetic disorders, and other medical conditions. For instance, it is used to diagnose viral infections such as COVID-19, where the presence of viral RNA is detected in patient samples. This is crucial for patient management and infection control. In the context of genetic diseases, nucleic acid testing can identify mutations or abnormalities in DNA that may lead to conditions like cystic fibrosis or sickle cell anemia. Additionally, it assists in prenatal diagnosis, allowing for the early detection of certain genetic disorders in fetuses.
核酸检测在医学领域扮演着关键角色，作为一种诊断工具，用于诊断各种感染、遗传疾病和其他医疗状况。例如，它被用来诊断COVID-19等病毒感染，通过检测患者样本中的病毒RNA来确定感染。这对于患者管理和感染控制至关重要。在遗传疾病的背景下，核酸检测可以识别导致囊肿性纤维化或镰状细胞贫血等状况的DNA突变或异常。此外，它还协助产前诊断，允许早期检测胎儿中的某些遗传疾病。
The origins of nucleic acid testing technology can be traced back to the groundbreaking work of James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953, who discovered the double helix structure of DNA. This discovery laid the foundation for understanding genetic material and its role in heredity. A significant advancement in nucleic acid testing came with the invention of the Southern blot technique, which allows for the detection and separation of DNA molecules based on their size. This method was named after its inventor, Edwin Southern.
核酸检测技术的起源可以追溯到James Watson和Francis Crick在1953年的开创性工作，他们发现了DNA的双螺旋结构。这一发现为理解遗传物质及其在遗传中的作用奠定了基础。核酸检测的一个重要进步是Southern blot技术的发明，该技术允许根据DNA分子的大小进行检测和分离。这种方法以发明者Edwin Southern的名字命名。
Further technological advancements include the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), which amplifies specific DNA sequences, enabling the detection of even minute amounts of genetic material. This technique revolutionized molecular biology and diagnostics. Another innovation is Quantitative PCR (qPCR), which not only amplifies DNA but also quantifies it, providing a measure of the initial amount of genetic material present. These techniques have become indispensable in fields such as forensics, disease monitoring, and genetic research.
技术进步还包括聚合酶链反应（PCR），它放大特定的DNA序列，使即使是微小量的遗传物质也能被检测到。这项技术彻底改变了分子生物学和诊断学。另一项创新是定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR），它不仅放大DNA，还对其进行定量，提供了初始遗传物质量的测量。这些技术已成为法医学、疾病监测和遗传研究等领域不可或缺的工具。
核酸检测技术的发展极大地推动了医学诊断的进步，从基础的DNA结构发现到精确的分子检测技术，这些进步不仅加深了我们对遗传学的理解，也为疾病的早期诊断和治疗提供了强有力的工具。
<核酸检测现场实用英文表达>
When it comes to getting a nucleic acid test, commonly known as a COVID-19 test, there are several English phrases and instructions that are frequently used in testing sites. Here are some of the essential expressions you might encounter:
**Queue Management**
- Please maintain a 1.5-meter distance from others. (请与他人保持1.5米的距离。)
- Everybody is queuing. Please join the line. (大家都在排队，请加入队伍。)
- Please wait for your turn. (请等待您的轮次。)
**Health Code Verification**
- Please show your health code. (请出示您的健康码。)
- Your health code is not valid. You need to update it. (您的健康码无效，您需要更新。)
- Please scan the QR code before entering. (进入前请扫描二维码。)
**Personal Protective Measures**
- Wear your mask at all times. (全程请佩戴口罩。)
- Cover your mouth and nose when sneezing or coughing. (打喷嚏或咳嗽时请遮住口鼻。)
- Please sanitize your hands before proceeding. (请在继续之前消毒双手。)
**Instructions During the Test**
- Take off your mask, please. (请摘下口罩。)
- Open your mouth wide. (请张大嘴巴。)
- You may feel a slight discomfort; it will be over soon. (您可能会感到轻微不适，很快就会结束。)
**Test Results Communication**
- Your test result is negative. (您的检测结果为阴性。)
- Unfortunately, your test result is positive. (很遗憾，您的检测结果为阳性。)
- Please isolate and wait for further instructions. (请隔离并等待进一步指示。)
**Additional Safety Reminders**
- Wear a mask when going out. (出门请戴口罩。)
- Keep hand hygiene by washing or sanitizing regularly. (保持手部卫生，定期洗手或消毒。)
Understanding these phrases will help individuals navigate the testing process more smoothly and efficiently. It is important to note that these instructions are not only for the safety and organization of the testing site but also for the protection of the individuals being tested and the staff performing the tests.
The terminology used in these instructions is straightforward and easy to understand, yet they convey critical information necessary for the safe administration of nucleic acid tests. These phrases are commonly used in many countries around the world, as the COVID-19 pandemic has made such testing a global necessity.
In conclusion, mastering these essential English expressions can help individuals ensure they comply with the necessary protocols during nucleic acid testing, contributing to the overall effort to control the spread of infectious diseases.
“做核酸”常见的英文翻译有 “perform nucleic acid testing/analysis” 以及 “conduct nucleic acid testing/analysis”。
“perform nucleic acid testing/analysis”：
- The medical staff will perform nucleic acid testing on all the passengers.（医护人员将对所有乘客进行核酸检测。）
- We need to perform nucleic acid analysis to determine the virus strain.（我们需要进行核酸分析来确定病毒毒株。）
- They are going to perform nucleic acid testing in the community center tomorrow.（他们明天将在社区中心进行核酸检测。 ）
“conduct nucleic acid testing/analysis”：
- The laboratory can conduct nucleic acid testing accurately.（实验室能够准确地进行核酸检测。）
- Scientists conduct nucleic acid analysis to study the genetic characteristics of the pathogen.（科学家们进行核酸分析以研究病原体的遗传特征。）
- Our hospital will conduct nucleic acid testing for high - risk groups.（我们医院将为高风险人群进行核酸检测。）
核酸（Nucleic acid）是一类生物大分子。它在生物体内由核苷酸（nucleotide）组成长链结构。核苷酸又由碱基（base）、五碳糖（pentose sugar）和磷酸（phosphate group）构成。碱基主要有四种类型，分别是腺嘌呤（adenine）、鸟嘌呤（guanine）、胞嘧啶（cytosine）和胸腺嘧啶（thymine，仅在 DNA 中）或尿嘧啶（uracil，仅在 RNA 中）。
核酸主要分为两类，脱氧核糖核酸（Deoxyribonucleic acid，简称 DNA）和核糖核酸（Ribonucleic acid，简称 RNA）。DNA 是储存遗传信息的主要分子，它以双螺旋结构存在于细胞的细胞核中，就像一本记录生物体遗传密码的“蓝图”。RNA 则在遗传信息的传递和表达中发挥重要作用，有信使 RNA（mRNA）、转运 RNA（tRNA）和核糖体 RNA（rRNA）等不同类型。
核酸在生物体内扮演着极其重要的角色。首先是遗传信息的转录（transcription）和传递（transmission）。在转录过程中，DNA 的遗传信息被“抄写”到 mRNA 上，简单来说，就是以 DNA 为模板合成 mRNA 的过程。然后，mRNA 离开细胞核进入细胞质，参与蛋白质合成（protein synthesis）。在蛋白质合成中，tRNA 携带特定的氨基酸，依据 mRNA 上的密码子信息，将氨基酸一个个连接起来，最终形成蛋白质。可以说，核酸就像是生物体生命活动的“总指挥”，掌控着生物的生长、发育、繁殖等重要生命过程 。
Nucleic acid testing plays a pivotal role in the medical field, serving as a diagnostic tool for a myriad of infections, genetic disorders, and other medical conditions. For instance, it is used to diagnose viral infections such as COVID-19, where the presence of viral RNA is detected in patient samples. This is crucial for patient management and infection control. In the context of genetic diseases, nucleic acid testing can identify mutations or abnormalities in DNA that may lead to conditions like cystic fibrosis or sickle cell anemia. Additionally, it assists in prenatal diagnosis, allowing for the early detection of certain genetic disorders in fetuses.
核酸检测在医学领域扮演着关键角色，作为一种诊断工具，用于诊断各种感染、遗传疾病和其他医疗状况。例如，它被用来诊断COVID-19等病毒感染，通过检测患者样本中的病毒RNA来确定感染。这对于患者管理和感染控制至关重要。在遗传疾病的背景下，核酸检测可以识别导致囊肿性纤维化或镰状细胞贫血等状况的DNA突变或异常。此外，它还协助产前诊断，允许早期检测胎儿中的某些遗传疾病。
The origins of nucleic acid testing technology can be traced back to the groundbreaking work of James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953, who discovered the double helix structure of DNA. This discovery laid the foundation for understanding genetic material and its role in heredity. A significant advancement in nucleic acid testing came with the invention of the Southern blot technique, which allows for the detection and separation of DNA molecules based on their size. This method was named after its inventor, Edwin Southern.
核酸检测技术的起源可以追溯到James Watson和Francis Crick在1953年的开创性工作，他们发现了DNA的双螺旋结构。这一发现为理解遗传物质及其在遗传中的作用奠定了基础。核酸检测的一个重要进步是Southern blot技术的发明，该技术允许根据DNA分子的大小进行检测和分离。这种方法以发明者Edwin Southern的名字命名。
Further technological advancements include the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), which amplifies specific DNA sequences, enabling the detection of even minute amounts of genetic material. This technique revolutionized molecular biology and diagnostics. Another innovation is Quantitative PCR (qPCR), which not only amplifies DNA but also quantifies it, providing a measure of the initial amount of genetic material present. These techniques have become indispensable in fields such as forensics, disease monitoring, and genetic research.
技术进步还包括聚合酶链反应（PCR），它放大特定的DNA序列，使即使是微小量的遗传物质也能被检测到。这项技术彻底改变了分子生物学和诊断学。另一项创新是定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR），它不仅放大DNA，还对其进行定量，提供了初始遗传物质量的测量。这些技术已成为法医学、疾病监测和遗传研究等领域不可或缺的工具。
核酸检测技术的发展极大地推动了医学诊断的进步，从基础的DNA结构发现到精确的分子检测技术，这些进步不仅加深了我们对遗传学的理解，也为疾病的早期诊断和治疗提供了强有力的工具。
<核酸检测现场实用英文表达>
When it comes to getting a nucleic acid test, commonly known as a COVID-19 test, there are several English phrases and instructions that are frequently used in testing sites. Here are some of the essential expressions you might encounter:
**Queue Management**
- Please maintain a 1.5-meter distance from others. (请与他人保持1.5米的距离。)
- Everybody is queuing. Please join the line. (大家都在排队，请加入队伍。)
- Please wait for your turn. (请等待您的轮次。)
**Health Code Verification**
- Please show your health code. (请出示您的健康码。)
- Your health code is not valid. You need to update it. (您的健康码无效，您需要更新。)
- Please scan the QR code before entering. (进入前请扫描二维码。)
**Personal Protective Measures**
- Wear your mask at all times. (全程请佩戴口罩。)
- Cover your mouth and nose when sneezing or coughing. (打喷嚏或咳嗽时请遮住口鼻。)
- Please sanitize your hands before proceeding. (请在继续之前消毒双手。)
**Instructions During the Test**
- Take off your mask, please. (请摘下口罩。)
- Open your mouth wide. (请张大嘴巴。)
- You may feel a slight discomfort; it will be over soon. (您可能会感到轻微不适，很快就会结束。)
**Test Results Communication**
- Your test result is negative. (您的检测结果为阴性。)
- Unfortunately, your test result is positive. (很遗憾，您的检测结果为阳性。)
- Please isolate and wait for further instructions. (请隔离并等待进一步指示。)
**Additional Safety Reminders**
- Wear a mask when going out. (出门请戴口罩。)
- Keep hand hygiene by washing or sanitizing regularly. (保持手部卫生，定期洗手或消毒。)
Understanding these phrases will help individuals navigate the testing process more smoothly and efficiently. It is important to note that these instructions are not only for the safety and organization of the testing site but also for the protection of the individuals being tested and the staff performing the tests.
The terminology used in these instructions is straightforward and easy to understand, yet they convey critical information necessary for the safe administration of nucleic acid tests. These phrases are commonly used in many countries around the world, as the COVID-19 pandemic has made such testing a global necessity.
In conclusion, mastering these essential English expressions can help individuals ensure they comply with the necessary protocols during nucleic acid testing, contributing to the overall effort to control the spread of infectious diseases.
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